Effect of Calcium and Sodium Ratios in Bentonite on Swelling
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18067180Keywords:
Bentonite, Swelling, Calcium rateAbstract
This article investigates the effects of calcium and sodium ratios on the swelling capacity of calcium bentonite samples collected from different locations. Bentonite, with its properties such as swelling capacity, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and adsorption ability, is widely used in many industrial applications ranging from drilling muds to environmental barriers. However, chemical and mineralogical variations resulting from geological formation processes can influence the performance of bentonite. Turkey holds a significant share of the world’s bentonite reserves, with high-quality bentonite deposits particularly located along the Ordu-Giresun-Trabzon line. In this study, 11 bentonite samples collected from Ordu Province were analyzed using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) to determine their calcium and sodium contents, and swelling tests were performed in accordance with ASTM D5890 standards. The findings reveal that calcium and sodium ratios alone are not decisive in determining swelling capacity. When compared with similar studies in the literature, it is understood that factors such as mineralogy, particle size distribution, and CEC play a more dominant role.
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